ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the level of job satisfaction among doctors serving in a tertiary care hospital in Lahore and ascertain its co-relation with multiple demographic variables which had a profound impact. Methods: This cross sectional study with non-probability purposive sampling was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, from February 2014 to November 2014. Subjects were doctors serving in that hospital for minimum six months duration. Pre-formed questionnaires were distributed to volunteers [average filling time was 3 ½ to 7 minutes]. Multiple demographic features were independent variables. Outcome variable was job satisfaction. Statistical analysis was done via descriptive statistics [SPSS 20], data expressed as mean +/- standard deviation [SD]. Results: Out of 263 doctors serving in hospital, 203 [77.91%] volunteered to participate; response rate by depositing the filled forms was 47.78% [97 doctors]. Amongst the respondents, 10 [10.3%] doctors had below average job satisfaction, 32[33.0%], 21[21.6%], 21[21.6%] and 13[13.3%] had average, above average, well above average and outstanding job satisfaction respectively. There was significant relation between job satisfaction and age group of the doctors [p 0.025], education [p 0.015], service years [p 0.013] income per month [p<0.001]. There was no significant impact of gender [p 0.540], marital status [p 0.087], number of children [p 0.153], current employment [p 0.71], nature of job [p 0.204], working hours [p 0.089], additional duties [p 0.421] and socioeconomic class [p 0.104] on outcome variable. Conclusion: A significant number of doctors was found discontented with their job, which may consequently impact their yield/ performance. The job satisfaction can be substantially improved if these contributory factors are aptly addressed at all tiers
ABSTRACT
Objective: To compare the efficacy of carbon dioxide [CO[2]] laser with cutting diathermy as a cutting device in surgical excision of early carcinoma tongue
Study Design: Experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital [CMH], Rawalpindi and CMH, Lahore, from July 2008 to July 2011
Methodology: Twenty two biopsy proven cases of T[1] and early T[2] squamous cell carcinoma of tongue were divided in two equal groups of 11 each labeled as A and B. Tumor was excised by CO[2] laser in group A while cutting diathermy was done in group B. For both groups tumor excision time, per-operative blood loss, postoperative oral swelling and pain was recorded. Excision time of tumor was assessed in minutes and amount of blood loss in milliliters till complete hemostasis after removal of primary tumor. Postoperatively patients were assessed on 12 hourly basis for 48 hours for pain. Pain was analyzed on visual analogue score 1 - 10. Oral swelling was assessed once after 24 hours and labeled as mild, moderate and severe. Independent sample t-test was applied for analysis of excision time, postoperative pain and per-operative blood loss for both groups. Postoperative swelling was analyzed using Fisher's exact test. P-value of < 0.05 was considered significant
Results: The mean age at diagnosis in group A was 49.36 +/- 5.27 years, while in group B patients had mean age of 50.73 +/- 8.13 years. In group A, 4/11 [36.3%] patients were having tumor stage T[1] while 7/11 [63.6%] had T[2] stage tumor. In group B, 5/11 [45.4%] were having T[1] and 6/11 [54.5%] were having stage T[2] tumor. Excision time was significantly shorter for group B [p=0.003], but group A had less postoperative pain [p=0.001], less per-operative blood loss [p=0.001] and less postoperative oral swelling [p=0.021]
Conclusion: Early carcinoma tongue is better removed by laser than electrocautery in terms of postoperative morbidity, per-operative blood loss, postoperative pain and oral swelling
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To determine the incidence, frequency and degree of hearing loss in patients treated with streptomycin for multidrug resistant tuberculosis
STUDY DESIGN: A prospective observational study
PLACE AND DURATION: This study was carried out at Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi over two years time from 01 Jan 2008 to 31 December 2009
METHODOLOGY: 38 patients who were treated with streptomycin as part of antituberculous therapy meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Pure tone Audiometry [PTA] was done before starting the treatment, on complaint of hearing loss and after one month and two months of streptomycin therapy to determine the hearing loss
RESULTS: At the end of 2 months therapy with streptomycin 22 patients [57.9%] develop sensorineural hearing loss, amongst them 15[68.2%] were identified within 1 month of therapy. Out of 22 patients 12[54.5%] have mild, 7[31.9%] have moderate and 3[13.6%] have moderately severe hearing loss in speech frequencies
CONCLUSION: Streptomycin still has got important role in treatment of Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis. It is potentially ototoxic specially in children and old age. Careful monitoring in the form of serial audiograms is advised to pick up individuals susceptible to hearing loss with its use
ABSTRACT
To determine efficacy of betahistine hydrochloride in treatment of tinnitus due to noise-induced hearing loss [NIHL] as compared to placebo. Randomized- controlled trail. This study was carried out at ENT department, CMH Rawalpindi from July 2006 to December 2006. A total of 70 patients of tinnitus due to NIHL, diagnosed on the basis of history, clinical examination and audiometric findings, were randomly divided into two groups of 35 each. Group I, was treated with betahistine hydrochloride 16 mg thrice a day for two months. Group II, the control or placebo group was prescribed a single tablet of Multivitamin thrice a day for the same duration; after taking informed consent. All the subjects were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale [VAS] scores thrice during the treatment i.e. on first visit, after one month [2nd visit] and then after two months [3rd visit]. No statistically significant difference was noted in the loudness of tinnitus, between the two groups from the start of treatment till the complication of therapy. It is concluded that Betahistine hydrochloride is 'not' better than a placebo in its efficacy for the treatment of tinnitus due to NIHL